Apparatus · ຄູ່ມືການໃຊ້
ຄູ່ມືການໃຊ້ · Usage Guide
HOW TO READ THIS DICTIONARY
Every entry in this lexicon follows the same printed-page conventions — headword, part-of-speech tag, numbered senses, English gloss, synonyms, and etymological flag. Once you've read one well, you can read them all.
໑
ໂຄງສ້າງຂອງຄຳສັບ
Anatomy of an Entry
A live entry from the lexicon, annotated.
ດອກຈຳປາn.Pali
§ ໑ດອກໄມ້ມີຫ້າກີບ ສີຂາວ ມີກິ່ນຫອມ ເປັນດອກໄມ້ປະຈຳຊາດລາວ.A five-petalled white flower with a strong fragrance — the national flower of Laos. Frangipani; plumeria.
§ ໒ໂດຍຂະຫຍາຍຄວາມໝາຍ — ສິ່ງທີ່ຮັກແພງ ຫຼື ປະຫລາດເຫຼົ່າເລີດ.By extension — something dearly loved or notably exquisite.
ຄຳພ້ອງ · Synonymsຈຳປາດອກລີລາວະດີດອກລາວ
A
Headword — The canonical Lao spelling. Set in Noto Serif Lao, largest weight, indigo-black.
B
Part of speech — Italic small-caps, oxblood ink. See the legend below for the full list.
C
Etymology flag — Gold tag indicating Pali, Sanskrit, French, English, or composite origin.
D
Numbered sense — Lao numerals; the order reflects historical priority, not frequency.
E
Definition — In Lao, by the author. Gloss — in italic English, directly below.
F
ຄຳພ້ອງ / synonyms — Clickable; each opens the reverse-synonym network.
໒
ປະເພດຄຳ · Parts of Speech
PART-OF-SPEECH LEGEND
The abbreviations used throughout the lexicon, with their Lao name, English equivalent, and a typical headword.
| Tag | ພາສາລາວ | English | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| n. | ນາມ | Noun — person, place, thing, or idea. | ດອກຈຳປາ · ປະເທດ · ປັນຍາ |
| v. | ກິລິຍາ | Verb — action or state. | ເຮັດ · ໄປ · ເປັນ |
| adj. | ຄຳຄຸນນາມ | Adjective — modifies a noun. | ງາມ · ໃຫຍ່ · ດີ |
| adv. | ຄຳກິລິຍາວິເສດ | Adverb — modifies a verb or adjective. | ໄວ · ດີໆ · ຢ່າງຊ້າໆ |
| prn. | ສັບພະນາມ | Pronoun — substitutes for a noun. | ຂ້ອຍ · ເຈົ້າ · ເພິ່ນ |
| prep. | ຄຳບຸບຜະບົດ | Preposition — marks relation. | ໃນ · ກັບ · ສຳລັບ |
| conj. | ຄຳສັນທານ | Conjunction — joins clauses. | ແລະ · ແຕ່ · ຫຼື |
| part. | ຄຳອວຍ | Particle — discourse / aspect marker. | ໄດ້ · ແລ້ວ · ຊິ |
| num. | ສັງຂະຍາ | Numeral — counting or ordinal. | ໜຶ່ງ · ສິບ · ທີໜຶ່ງ |
| clf. | ລັກສະນະນາມ | Classifier — for counted nouns. | ຄົນ · ໂຕ · ໃບ |
| idiom. | ສຳນວນ | Idiom — fixed expression. | ນ້ຳໃຈ · ໃຈດີ |
| interj. | ຄຳອຸທານ | Interjection — exclamation. | ໂອ້ · ແມ່ນແລ້ວ |
໓
ປະຫວັດຄຳ · Etymological Flags
WORD ORIGINS
Where a word's origin is known, the entry carries a coloured flag. These follow the conventions set by the author across all three editions.
Pali
ປາລີ · Pali
Liturgical and classical Buddhist vocabulary.
ທຳ · ປັນຍາ · ສັງຄະ
Skt.
ສັນສະກິດ · Sanskrit
Classical Indic loanwords, often via Pali.
ຍານ · ກະວີ · ສິລະປະ
Fr.
ຝະລັ່ງ · French
Colonial-era loans for technology, food, administration.
ປາຣີ · ບາແກັດ · ໂບລົງ
Eng.
ອັງກິດ · English
Modern loanwords — science, computing, sport.
ຄອມພິວເຕີ · ເອັກຊະເຣ · ກິລາ
A note on ຣThe letter ຣ is used in this lexicon only for foreign loanwords that carry a rolled “r” sound — Paris (ປາຣີ), Hungary (ຮົງກາຣີ), X-ray (ເອັກຊະເຣ). This convention was introduced in the 2008 edition, following the Ministry of Education.
໔
ການຮຽງລຳດັບ · Alphabetical Order
HOW WORDS ARE SORTED
The lexicon follows the traditional Lao alphabetical sequence — 27 consonants in their canonical order, vowels treated as combiners on the head consonant.
ກ1
ຂ2
ຄ3
ງ4
ຈ5
ສ6
ຊ7
ຍ8
ດ9
ຕ10
ຖ11
ທ12
ນ13
ບ14
ປ15
ຜ16
ຝ17
ພ18
ຟ19
ມ20
ຢ21
ຣ22
ລ23
ວ24
ຫ25
ອ26
ຮ27
Within a single head-consonant chapter, words are sorted by their second-consonant grapheme, then by tone-mark, then by vowel — never by Romanised transliteration. Words beginning with a leading ຫ + sonorant cluster (ຫງ, ຫມ, ຫນ, ຫລ, ຫວ) are sorted under the sonorant, not under ຫ.
໕
ການຄົ້ນຫາ · Search Tips
FINDING WHAT YOU NEED
The search bar accepts Lao script, transliteration, English glosses, and a small set of operators inherited from print-index conventions.
ດອກຈຳປາType any Lao headword directly. Tone marks are matched strictly — ດ differs from ດ under different tone registers.
dok champaRomanised transliteration is accepted; the lexicon matches to the canonical Lao spelling.
"frangipani"English — useful when you know the meaning but not the Lao word.
syn:ງາມFind all entries that list ງາມ as a synonym. The basis of the reverse-synonym view.
pos:n. · etym:paliFilter by part of speech or etymological origin. Combine: pos:v. etym:fr.
ດອກ*Use * as a wildcard to find every entry beginning with a given prefix.